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A club's identity, philosophy, and style that's supposed to survive manager and player changes. It covers tactics, values, youth development, and how the club wants to play. Barcelona's possession game, Athletic Bilbao's Basque-only policy, and Ajax's technical youth focus are classic examples. Clubs now talk about DNA constantly when hiring managers. Critics say it can become an excuse for refusing to adapt.

The xG value of chances created. If you play a pass that leads to a shot worth 0.3 xG, you get 0.3 xA. It measures the quality of chances you create, separate from whether your teammate finishes them. A player with high xA but low actual assists has teammates letting them down. A player with lots of assists but low xA is getting lucky with their finishers. Useful for evaluating creative players fairly.

A midfielder who covers the whole pitch, showing up in both penalty areas in the same game. They tackle in their own box and arrive in the opposition's to score. Gerrard, Lampard, Vieira, and Yaya Touré were all box-to-box players. It's a demanding role and harder to find now because midfield positions have become more specialized.

Getting the ball forward quickly rather than building slowly. Not quite "hoofball" but prioritizing vertical passes over sideways ones. Direct teams try to get into dangerous areas fast, often bypassing midfield. It can be a deliberate tactical choice or a sign that a team can't keep the ball. Some direct play is about exploiting space quickly; some is just desperation.

Scoring three goals in one game. The term came from cricket but works in football too. A "perfect hat-trick" means one with your left foot, one with your right, and one header. Players usually get to keep the match ball. There's also the "flawless hat-trick" (three in a row with no one else scoring in between) and "super hat-trick" (four goals).

Moving your foot over and around the ball without touching it, creating a feint to throw defenders off. Also called scissors or "pedaladas." You can do one or string several together, like early Ronaldo at United, who would do four or five in a row. At speed with a sharp burst afterwards, it leaves defenders stuck. Do too many and your teammates start getting annoyed.

How well a player keeps the ball under pressure. Good ball retention means they don't lose it often, even in the tightest of spaces. It's different from just passing accuracy because it accounts for pressure, body position, and shielding. Players with good retention can receive in difficult situations and give teammates time to move. Possession teams value it highly.

Setting up a one-on-one between your attacker and their defender, with space to work in. The opposite of crowded play. Teams with great dribblers want isolations because they back their player to beat the defender. You create isolation by moving other players away, stretching the pitch horizontally, or using off-ball movement to clear space. Vinícius Jr. thrives in isolation situations.

Three centre-backs, five midfielders, two strikers. The wing-backs do most of the heavy lifting, defending when needed (making it a 5-3-2) and bombing forward to provide width (making it a 3-5-2). One of the three centre-backs often steps into midfield with the ball. Italian football loved this shape in the 1990s, and it's come back into fashion as managers look for tactical flexibility. Wing-backs need serious stamina.

A wide player who starts out on the flank but drifts inside to get shots or play passes centrally. Usually placed on the opposite side to their strong foot so they can cut in and shoot. The role took over from traditional wingers because managers wanted goal threats from wide areas, not just crosses. Pace, dribbling, finishing, and smart movement into space all matter.