Defending

The imaginary line connecting the back defenders, which determines the offside position for attackers. A flat line is easier to hold but harder to adjust; a staggered line offers cover but can create gaps. The defensive line moves up and down as a unit - holding the line is essential for the offside trap. Calling the line, stepping up, and dropping together requires constant communication.

Sprinting back to help defensively after being caught up the pitch. Full-backs who've pushed forward, midfielders who've joined an attack, strikers who lose the ball - they all need to make recovery runs. The best players do it without thinking, even when tired. Recovery runs prevent counters and show commitment. Players who don't make them become defensive liabilities.

Staying on your feet and delaying an attacker rather than diving in. You shuffle sideways, stay balanced, and show them where you want them to go (usually toward the sideline or a supporting defender). The goal is to slow them down and wait for help or for them to make a mistake. Diving in risks getting beaten and leaving space behind you.

The side of the pitch away from the ball. While the defense shifts ball side, the weak side becomes less defended. Quick switches of play exploit this - ping the ball across and suddenly the weak side attacker has space. Teams balance numbers to prevent getting caught, but there's always a trade-off between compactness ball side and coverage on the weak side.

The side of the pitch where the ball is. When defending, you want more players ball side than away from it, since that's where the danger is. "Getting ball side" means positioning yourself between your opponent and the ball. Defenders who stay ball side cut off passing lanes; those who get caught wrong side get played in behind.