Passing

Playing the ball backward or sideways to keep it rather than forcing a forward pass. When the initial attack breaks down, good teams recycle to the back, reset, and try again rather than losing the ball. Critics see it as negative; supporters say it's patient. Guardiola teams recycle constantly, waiting for the right moment to play forward. The balance between recycling and risk is a tactical choice.

A pass that goes between or through an opponent's defensive line, not around it. If the opposition has a line of four midfielders, a pass that splits two of them is line-breaking. It's more valuable than a pass that goes around the outside because it eliminates players and creates forward momentum. Players who can consistently play line-breaking passes are gold.

A quick pass and return - you pass to a teammate, run past your marker, and receive the ball back. Also called a wall pass or give-and-go. Simple but effective for breaking through tight defenses. Requires two players on the same wavelength and a pass with enough pace that the defender can't recover. Basic attacking play that never goes out of fashion.

A pass from the byline back into the penalty area, usually toward the edge of the six-yard box. The crosser gets to the end line and pulls it back to an arriving teammate. Cutbacks are high-percentage chances because the ball is traveling away from the goalkeeper, making it easier to finish. Modern teams create cutbacks constantly because the xG from them is excellent.

Getting the ball forward quickly rather than building slowly. Not quite "hoofball" but prioritizing vertical passes over sideways ones. Direct teams try to get into dangerous areas fast, often bypassing midfield. It can be a deliberate tactical choice or a sign that a team can't keep the ball. Some direct play is about exploiting space quickly; some is just desperation.