Robbie

How close together a team stays when defending. A compact shape has small gaps between players and lines, making it hard for opponents to play through. When compactness breaks down - players drift, lines stretch - holes appear. Analytics can measure it by tracking the distance between the deepest defender and highest attacker, or the space between lines. Staying compact requires discipline and fitness.

Passes that move the ball meaningfully towards the opponent's goal - usually defined as 10+ yards forward or any pass into the box. It separates useful possession from sideways passing. Players who rank high in progressive passes are the ones who actually move the ball into dangerous areas. Useful for spotting midfielders who drive play forward even if they don't score or assist much.

A goal awarded despite the ball not crossing the line, or denied when it clearly did. Before goal-line technology, these caused huge controversies. Lampard's shot against Germany in 2010 clearly crossed the line but wasn't given; Geoff Hurst's 1966 World Cup final goal probably didn't cross but was given. Technology has mostly eliminated ghost goals, but the term lives on.

A player's less dominant foot. Most players have a strong foot they prefer and a weak foot they avoid. Truly two-footed players are rare - they can shoot, pass, and control with either foot equally well. Defenders exploit players with weak weak-foots by forcing them onto it. Coaches rate weak foot ability on a scale; players work on it but some never get comfortable.

Attacking the area closest to where the cross is coming from, often flicking the ball on or getting a touch ahead of the defender. Near post runs stretch the defense because they have to cover both the near post and the back post. Quick, decisive runs to the near post create chances even from poor crosses because you're attacking the ball ahead of your marker.