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A player is sent off when given a red card, immediately removed from play. Given for serious fouls, violent conduct, spitting, stopping a clear goal with a foul or handball, or getting a second yellow card. Your team plays the rest of the match a man down and can't replace you. Usually comes with a ban for future games too. Going down to 10 men is a major disadvantage, though some teams have won despite it.

The ref. The man in black. The whistle. The man or woman in the middle. The referee is in charge of each football match, they blow the whistle to start and end the game, award fouls, and have a yellow card and red card ready to give to players committing fouls. They are basically the police on the pitch, sent by Pro Ref (previously PGMOL). They work each match alongside a team of assistant referees (previously called linesmen) and a 4^th official on the side of the pitch looking after substitutions and taking verbal abuse from managers and coaches. Who would be a referee? They receive plenty of angry insults from the stands, players, and the touchline.

Italian for "director." A deep-lying playmaker who sits in front of the defence and runs the game from there. The regista controls tempo, sprays long passes, switches play, and starts attacks while also tracking back. Andrea Pirlo is the modern example everyone thinks of, though players like Carlos Valderrama did similar things. It's somewhere between a defensive midfielder and a classic number 10.

A clause in a player's contract specifying a fee at which they can leave, regardless of whether the club wants to sell. Mandatory in Spanish contracts, optional elsewhere. It gives the player a guaranteed exit route and the club certainty about minimum compensation. Get it wrong and you either lose a player too cheaply or set a number nobody will ever pay. PSG triggering Neymar's €222m clause in 2017 proved no figure is truly safe.

The players who stay back while the team attacks, ready to deal with a counter if possession is lost. Usually includes a centre-back or two and the holding midfielder. Guardiola teams obsess over rest defense positioning - they want numerical superiority or at least equality behind the ball even during attacking phases. Getting it wrong means getting hit on the break.