Tactics

How good the backup players are when starters get injured or rested. Deep squads can rotate without losing quality. Shallow squads fall apart when key players are missing. Manchester City's depth means their B-team could challenge for titles; smaller clubs rely on 11 players and pray they stay fit. Modern football's congested schedule makes depth more valuable than ever.

Deliberately stepping up as a defensive unit just before a pass to catch attackers offside. Risky because mistiming leaves attackers through on goal. Requires the whole back line to move together on the same cue. Some teams use it constantly; others avoid it because one mistake is catastrophic. VAR has made tight offside calls more reliable, which should help traps, but marginal decisions still create controversy.

Italian for "door-bolt." A defensive system built around tight organization, zonal marking, and a sweeper (libero) sitting behind the back line. Inter Milan under Helenio Herrera developed it in the 1960s, using formations like 1-3-3-3 or 1-4-4-1. The plan: defend deep, stay compact, hit on the counter. Critics called it negative football, but it worked and shaped defensive thinking across Europe.

A full-back who moves inside into midfield instead of staying wide, letting the winger provide width. Guardiola made it famous with Cancelo and Walker at City. The idea is to overload the middle of the pitch, keep the ball better, and create triangles that are hard to press. It changes the shape completely - a 4-3-3 becomes something like a 3-2-2-3 when you have the ball.

Positioning to help a teammate who's engaging the ball, ready to step in if they get beaten. The covering player provides insurance - if the first defender fails, the covering defender should be there. Good teams have layers of cover; poor teams have gaps. Centre-back partnerships are built on trust that your partner will cover you when you step out to press.