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Refereeing

Refereeing 7 definitions

The Spidercam is a camera system that is suspended above the playing field by cables. It allows television broadcasters to move the camera both horizontally and vertically with speed and precision to get some incredible action shots during football matches.

In the quarter-final of the 2026 World Cup between Norway and England, England’s equalising goal came after a Norwegian goal kick allegedly hit one of the Spidercam cables, dropping to the feet of England midfielder Eliott Anderson, who started the move that led to Jude Bellingham’s first goal in a 2-1 victory. Argentina had the Hand of God…

The Ref
The Ref Jul 12, 2026
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The No Racism Gesture was implemented by FIFA to empower players, team officials, and referees to take a stand against racism when it occurs during a match, whether on the pitch or in the stands. If a person wants to alert the referee that racist abuse has taken place they cross their hands at the wrists, prompting the referee to start a three-step procedure, the last step being the suspension of the match.

At the 2026 World Cup at the end of a contentious match between Argentina and Egypt, where Egypt had felt hard done by, coach Hossam Hassan made the No Racism Gesture in front of the referee. Post-match, Hassan claimed the officials favoured the World Champions in the 3-2 victory for Argentina.

The Ref
The Ref Jul 9, 2026
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Under Article 27 of the FIFA Disciplinary Code (FDC), the FIFA Disciplinary Committee has the discretion to suspend disciplinary action that has been taken by a referee in a previous match. For example, a red card can be suspended, with a probationary period of anywhere up to four years. If the player in question commits another act of a similar nature within the defined suspension period, the sanction is reactivated alongside any additional disciplinary measures.

In the 2026 World Cup, Article 27 was quoted by FIFA when USA striker Folarin Balogun had his red card suspended in time for USA to face Belgium in the last-16. The controversy surrounded the alleged phone call from US President Donald Trump to FIFA President Gianni Infantino, asking him to remove the suspension so Balogun could play. He did, Balogun played, and USA got pumped 4-1 by Belgium, the hosts knocked out.

The Ref
The Ref Jul 9, 2026
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Video Assistant Referee - Technology system used to review referee decisions with video footage. Introduced to reduce errors in crucial match decisions.
The referee is consulting VAR to check if that was offside.
The Gaffer
The Gaffer Feb 10, 2026
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The standard that VAR is supposed to use before overturning referee decisions. In theory, VAR should only intervene if the original call was clearly wrong. In practice, nobody agrees on what's clear or obvious, especially for handball and soft penalties. The phrase has become a punchline for whenever VAR makes a controversial call that seems subjective rather than definitive.

Arsenal fans still argue about the "clear and obvious" standard after various controversial VAR decisions went against them - the phrase became a sarcastic response whenever the technology overturned or upheld questionable calls.
The Ref
The Ref Feb 6, 2026
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When VAR rules a player offside by millimetres, usually because their armpit or sleeve is beyond the last defender. The technology can draw lines to this precision, but it feels absurd to disallow goals for body parts you can't even score with. Fans mock it, but it's technically correct under the rules. Led to calls to give attackers the benefit of the doubt.

The armpit offside ruling against Liverpool's Roberto Firmino in 2019 became notorious - the goal was disallowed because his armpit was supposedly beyond the defender, prompting widespread ridicule about what body parts actually matter.
The Ref
The Ref Jan 24, 2026
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Stands for "Denying an Obvious Goal-Scoring Opportunity." It's the official term referees use when a defender commits a foul that stops a clear chance on goal. If it happens inside the box, it's a penalty. The punishment used to be an automatic red card, but since 2016, if the foul is an honest attempt to play the ball inside the area, it's usually just a yellow. Outside the box? Still a straight red.
Luis Suárez's handball on the line against Ghana in the 2010 World Cup quarterfinal is the most infamous DOGSO of all time. He got sent off, Ghana missed the penalty, and Uruguay went through. The rules worked exactly as written, even if it felt like cheating.
Robbie Jan 20, 2026
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